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Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) combine the benefits of pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. Like electric vehicles, they plug into the electric grid and can be powered by the stored electricity alone. Like hybrid electric vehicles, they have engines that enable greater driving range and battery recharging. What is a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle? Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles employ advanced technologies to enhance efficiency and performance and reduce emissions, however PHEVS are still at a pre-commercial stage of development. A Saturn Vue plug-in hybrid model and the Chevy volt PHEV are both scheduled to be available by 2010. Like hybrid electric vehicles, PHEVs are powered by two energy sources—an energy conversion unit (such as an internal combustion engine or fuel cell) and an energy storage device (usually batteries). Unlike HEVs, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles have a larger battery pack can be charged by plugging into a standard 110-volt electrical outlet. Thus a PHEV can be charged with electricity like pure electric vehicles and can run under engine power like hybrid electric vehicles. During typical daily driving, most of a PHEV's power comes from the stored electricity. For example, a PHEV driver might drive to and from work on all-electric power, plug in the vehicle to charge it at night, and be ready for another all-electric commute in the morning. However, the engine can be used when longer trips are required, and the PHEV does not need to be plugged in to operate.  Schematic of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
Benefits of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles: PHEVs offer increased driving range, reduced emissions, and potentially large fuel and cost savings. Electricity typically costs much less than gasoline or diesel fuels. Because PHEVs use electric power much of the time, they can significantly reduce fuel use and costs. The environmental benefits of PHEVs depend in part on the source of electricity from which the PHEVs are charged. If the electricity comes from efficient power plants, the benefits can be substantial. One U.S. study projected an average 42% carbon emissions reduction from mileage driven on electricity instead of gasoline. Incentives: Learn more about the Louisiana Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Tax Credit on our Incentives page. Additional Information: For further reading on Benefits, Development, and Availability of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles visit http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/vehicles/plugin_hybrids.html. Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center (http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/)
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